Systematic Literature Review

Importance of dietary intake in diabetic retinopathy: A systematic literature review Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe microvascular consequence of diabetes that is a major cause of vision loss among working-class individuals and blindness around the world a (Mohamed et al.2007). Within 20 years of acquiring diabetes, nearly all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of patients with type 2 diabetes will have DR and with the global prevalence of diabetes quickly increasing with the pandemic, DR prevention and management have become a critical public health priority. (Wong et al, 2018). Diabetes has grown to the size of a global epidemic and according to the International Diabetes Federation, there are 463 million diabetics worldwide in 2019, with that figure expected to rise to 700 million by 2045. One person dies from diabetes every seven seconds somewhere on the planet. With the frightening rise in diabetes cases, the risk of retinopathy is a serious consequence and has risen as well. Diabetic retinopathy affects 93 million people around the world. Diabetic retinopathy affects approximately 4.1 million people in the United States, or one in every 29 people. Diabetic retinopathy affects 1 in 132 people in this age group, affecting an estimated 899 000 people. Overall, the evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy and associated vision loss have several debilitating effects, including disruption of family functioning, relationships, and roles; increased social isolation and dependence; and worsening work prospects, resulting in increased financial strain. Because the amount and type of food consumed is a basic determinant of human health, dietary regulation or medicine has been used to control blood glucose levels. Diet is an important part of diabetes management, which can include diet alone, diet plus oral hypoglycemic medications, or diet with insulin (Asif M,2014). Although diet is known to play a role in the development of diabetes, its effect on the development and progression of DR is possible that the variances are attributable to the type of food ingested. Nutritionists say that not only the type of food, but also the quantity of food consumed, has an impact on blood sugar levels. Meals should be eaten at regular intervals and should have low fat, high fiber, and a small amount of